What type of transformer setup could provide electrical isolation for safety purposes?

An isolation transformer is specifically designed to provide electrical isolation between its input and output circuits. This is achieved by having no direct electrical connection between the primary and secondary windings, which are typically magnetically coupled. The primary function of an isolation transformer is to protect equipment and users from electric shock by isolating them from the power source. This makes it particularly useful in applications where safety is a concern, such as in medical equipment or sensitive electronic devices.

The winding arrangements in an isolation transformer also allow for the prevention of ground loops and reduce electrical noise, which can enhance the performance of the connected equipment. In addition to safety applications, isolation transformers are frequently utilized to step down voltages while maintaining the electrical isolation needed to protect users from high voltages.

The other options do not provide the same level of isolation. A step-up transformer increases voltage but does not isolate the circuit. A mutual inductance transformer can transfer power but also does not offer isolation; it relies on direct connections that can pose safety risks. An autotransformer, while more efficient in certain scenarios, actually shares a common winding for both primary and secondary sides, making it inherently unsafe for isolation purposes.