What phenomenon is likely to occur if a transformer bank is not loaded adequately during operation?

Ferro-resonance is a phenomenon that can occur under specific conditions in electrical systems, particularly involving transformers. When a transformer bank is not adequately loaded, the inductance and capacitance in the system can interact in a way that leads to an increase in voltage and current, resulting in high-frequency oscillations. This condition is termed ferro-resonance and may lead to dangerously high voltage levels, potentially damaging equipment and affecting system stability.

Unlike typical operational conditions where transformers are loaded and running smoothly, inadequate loading disrupts the balance between inductive and capacitive reactance. As a result, it creates a condition that can resonate, causing voltage spikes and distorted waveforms. This behavior can significantly affect the reliability of the system, leading to complications in operational efficiency. Understanding ferro-resonance is crucial for linemen to ensure transformers are properly loaded and to prevent potential failures in the electrical network.