What is the situation called when the capacitance of a cable cancels the inductive effect of a transformer?

The situation where the capacitance of a cable cancels out the inductive effects of a transformer is referred to as resonance. In electrical circuits, resonance occurs when the inductive reactance of an inductor and the capacitive reactance of a capacitor are equal in magnitude, resulting in the cancellation of their effects at a specific frequency. This phenomenon can lead to increased circuit efficiency and can also cause fluctuations in voltage and current.

In a practical context, when resonance takes place in a system involving transformers and cables, the energy can oscillate between the inductance and capacitance, affecting the overall performance of the electrical system. While inductance and capacitance are crucial parameters in this phenomenon, it's the interaction between them at the resonant frequency that defines this specific condition.

Ferro-resonance specifically refers to a different situation that involves magnetic saturation in transformers, which can lead to high voltage spikes and is not directly related to the cancellation of inductive effects by capacitive effects. Inductance and capacitance, while they represent individual properties of electrical components, do not define the resonant condition on their own without considering their interaction. This is why the correct term for the situation where the cancellation occurs is resonance.